Sutra 2.16

हेयं दुःखमनागतम्

heyam duhkhamanagatam

Heyam Dukham Anagatam

Heyam: to be avoided

Dukham: pain, suffering

Anagatam: which has not yet come

Dukkha (dissatisfaction) which has not yet come can be avoided.

You can break the chains of karma. Let them drop to the ground

and walk free into the future. No suffering.

[The word heya is derived from the root hā ‘to quit,’ and means both that which should be shunned and that which can be avoided. The English equivalent has not this double sense, but it affords the nearest approach to the Sanskrit term. The injunction is, since the past and the present are beyond control, exertion should be made to preclude the possibility of future pain. Dr. Ballantyne is quite right in rendering the aphorism into “what is to be shunned is pain not yet come,” but when heya is used as an adjective, this phrase “that which is to be shunned,” is too lumbering to be used with convenience. Avoidance-worthy conveys the exact meaning, and is more easy of manipulation, but it too is lumbering. A single term is wanted, and, not knowing any English word of the kind, I use what appears to me to approach the nearest to the original, without being its exact equivalent.]

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